(SPECIAL REPORT) – Lagda na lang ni dating Pangulong Rodrigo Duterte ang kulang upang maging batas na ang SIM Card Registration Bill na inihain ni Sen. Win Gatchalian. Ngunit hindi ito nangyari matapos i-veto ni Duterte noong Abril. Ipinangako ni Gatchalian na ire-refile ang panukala. Gaano nga ba siya katiwala na maisasabatas na ito sa ilalim ng administrasyon ni President Bongbong Marcos Jr.?
By Anton C. Onato
Isang milyong piso ang nawala sa isang iglap kay Sen. Win Gatchalian noong nakaraang taon. Nabiktima siya ng scammer na ginamit ang kanyang credit card para um-order ng mga pagkain mula sa isang sikat na online food delivery service. Kuwento niya, napalitan ng hacker ang kanyang naka-register na phone number para magawa ang krimen.
Inilapit ni Gatchalian ang insidente sa National Bureau of Investigation ngunit wala pang update ukol dito.
Isa lamang ito sa mga dahilan kung bakit patuloy na ipinaglalaban ni Gatchalian na maipasa na ang SIM Card Registration Bill. Naniniwala siya na bagaman mahalaga ang SIM card sa mas mabilis na komunikasyon, nagagamit din ito sa mga krimen.
Isa pang halimbawa ang nangyaring pagsabog sa Cagayan de Oro noong Hulyo 2013, kung saan ginamit ng hindi pa rin nakikilalang grupo ang isang cellphone bilang triggering device. Anim ang patay at 48 ang sugatan sa insidente.
Ayon kay Gatchalian, isa ito sa mga nagtulak sa kanya upang ipasa ang panukala noong siya’y kinatawan pa ng unang distrito ng Valenzuela. Nagpasa rin siya ng bersyon sa Senado matapos siyang maluklok noong 2016.
Mga probisyon ng panukala
Sa ilalim ng panukala, kailangang irehistro ng public telecommunications entities gaya ng Smart, Globe, Dito, at iba pa ang mga SIM card sa isang centralized database bago ito ma-activate at maibenta sa merkado. Para makabili ng SIM card, kailangan namang magpakita ang bibili ng ID na may litrato upang masiguro ang kanyang pagkakakilanlan.
Mayroon ding registration form bago makabili ng SIM card. Kasama rin dito ang isang pagpapatunay na ang lahat ng dokumentong ipinakita ay totoo.
Tila weak signal ang inabot ng panukala dahil tumagal ng higit siyam na taon bago ito lumagpas sa third at final reading sa Senado noong 2019. Pero sa huli ay na-veto lang ito ni dating Pangulong Rodrigo Duterte dahil hindi siya sang-ayon sa probisyon na posibleng ma-regulate ang social media.
“‘Yung original version ko has no social media. ‘Yung final version ng Senate ay may social media registration,” ayon kay Gatchalian. “Noong umabot ito sa Malacaňang, hindi na-discuss in depth ‘yung social media component.”
Sa kabila ng panghihinayang, sang-ayon si Gatchalian sa desisyon ni Duterte sa pag-veto ng SIM Card Registration Bill dahil sa hindi malinaw na probisyon nito sa social media moderation. Naniniwala siya na dapat magkaroon ng hiwalay na batas na tatalakay dito.
Kaya naman sa muli niyang pag-upo bilang senador sa papasok na 19th Congress, ipinangako ni Gatchalian na magiging prayoridad niya ang pagre-refile ng orihinal na bersyon ng panukala.
‘Anti-poor and prone to abuse’
Nang maipasa ang panukala sa Senado, agad ipinanawagan ng iba’t ibang advocacy groups ang pag-veto rito dahil magiging daan ito sa paglabag sa karapatan ng mga mamamayan.
Sa isang joint statement, sinabi ng mga grupong tumututol sa panukala na maaaring magamit ito sa mas agresibong pag-atake sa mga kritiko ng gobyerno at pag-red-tag sa mga aktibista at human rights defenders.
“The real-name registration requirements exacerbate concerns of surveillance of telecommunications and online activity by the Philippine authorities, and is likely to dissuade individuals from expressing themselves freely without fear of retribution,” ayon sa pahayag.
Sinusugan ito ng UP Internet Freedom Network at sinabing anti-poor ang SIM Card Registration Bill.
“The policy will hand over our data to the Philippine government, an entity notoriously lacking in information security measures. Not only is the SIM Card Registration Act repressive and undemocratic, it is also inutile and anti-poor,” sabi ng grupo.
Ayon kay Gerard Laydia, tagapagsalita ng UP Internet Freedom Network, dagdag-pasakit sa mga Pilipino kapag naisabatas ito dahil kailangan nang magpakita ng ID bago makabili ng SIM card.
“Napakahirap kumuha ng ID sa Pilipinas dahil mayroong government agencies na bago ka makakuha ng valid ID ay kailangan mo munang magpakita ng iba pang IDs. Kaya ka nga nag-aapply ng ID dahil wala kang ibang ID,” sabi ni Laydia sa panayam ng News5.
Bukod dito, wala rin daw nakasaad sa mga probisyon kung sino ang magiging accountable sakaling magkaroon ng data breach.
Kamakailan lang ay naging isyu ang mga kumakalat na spam message na nag-aalok ng mga kaduda-dudang promo or trabaho.
Dagdag ni Laydia, maraming bansa na ang sumubok na magkaroon din ng SIM card registration ngunit naging daan lamang ito sa mas marami pang problema. Noong 2014, sinubukan ng Pakistan na hulihin ang mga terorista gamit ang parehong batas, ngunit ang mga indibidwal na nahuli ay walang kaugnayan sa terorismo.
Sa Mexico, tatlong beses na-repeal ang parehong batas dahil sa laganap na nakawan ng mobile phones para lang matakasan ang SIM card registration.
Isyu ng data privacy
Bagaman sang-ayon si Gatchalian sa ibang puna at suhestyon ng iba’t ibang grupo, giit niya na hindi gagamitin ang SIM Card Registration Bill upang sikilin ang karapatan ng mga mamamayan.
Nilinaw ni Gatchalian na may umiiral na Data Privacy Law na nagpoprotekta sa mahahalagang impormasyon ng mga Pilipino. Nariyan din daw ang Data Privacy Commission na nagsisiguro na ligtas ang mga impormasyong ipinagkatiwala sa ahensya. Tiniyak din niya na hindi ito basta-basta magagamit bilang surveillance tactic.
“Ang Data Privacy Law natin ay very robust so we don’t have to fear that data privacy will be encroached with the prepaid SIM card,” ani Gatchalian. “Marami tayong batas na pinoprotektahan ang ating karapatan, especially when it comes to surveillance. The government cannot simply impose surveillance on anyone.”
Itinanggi rin niya na anti-poor umano ang panukala dahil mayroon ding National ID Law ang Pilipinas.
“We have a very robust National ID Law. Everyone now, every single Filipino, including babies, will have a national ID. That is mandated by law. Rich and poor, whether you have a disability or not, whatever status of your life, you will be provided by the government with a national ID for free,” sabi ni Gatchalian.
(PM, KM)
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