EDITOR’S NOTE: This is the fourth of a series of articles which identified some of the prominent political dynasties in the country. Studies conducted by the Ateneo School of Government (ASOG) identify two types of political dynasties inherent to Philippine experience. “Thin” dynasties involve family members succeeding one another in office [sunod-sunod], often as a means to circumvent term limits and maintain political influence. In contrast, “fat” dynasties are composed of family members running for and holding multiple positions at the same time [sabay-sabay] in the legislative and executive branches of government (Mendoza, et al., 2019).
Using the data collected by the Ateneo School of Government through the Ateneo Policy Center from 1992 to 2022, and with additional historical research from News5 Digital, we compiled lists of family members for the ten vote-rich provinces in the Philippines for the 2025 elections. Through a combination of AI tools and manual review, the dominant families in the ten largest voting provinces were identified and arranged chronologically, from the oldest to the youngest members on record. While some family rosters are exhaustive, others remain incomplete due to the lack or scarcity of information confirming each member’s position and term of service.
(May 9, 2025) – Pangasinan is the fourth vote-rich provinces in the Philippines with more than 2.1 million voters in 2025. It is a traditional electoral battleground in the north, with its large voting bloc capable of influencing both local and national outcomes since the past elections. Its geopolitical pull is massive as the province holds about 60 percent of the Ilocos Region’s population. Economic centers like Dagupan, San Carlos, and Urdaneta are crucial gateways linking the rest of the province to Ilocos and Central Luzon. Some of Pangasinan’s prominent political dynasties have commanded every electoral exercise from these cities which also serve as their bailiwicks.
Based on data collected by the Ateneo Policy Center from 1992 to 2022 and historical research from News5 Digital, Pangasinan remains a highly contested arena among some of the most powerful political dynasties in the country. Among the notable surnames who hold the keys to the province are the De Venecia, Espino, Guico, Perez, Primicias, and Celeste families.
DE VENECIA FAMILY
With a political lineage that reaches back to the 1960s, the De Venecia family is among Pangasinan’s most nationally prominent. The family focused on maintaining a long-standing presence in the lower house of Congress.
Jose “Joe” de Venecia Jr.
MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Gina de Venecia
MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Christopher “Toff” de Venecia
MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
CELESTE FAMILY
The Celeste clan has taken up several local executive and congressional posts in Pangasinan, particularly in Bolinao and Alaminos City. Their sustained presence in demonstrates a broad dynastic reach that spans executive and legislative branches over multiple election cycles.
Arthur Celeste Sr.
MAYOR, MEMBER OF HOUSE OF REPESENTATIVES
Jesus “Boying” Celeste
MAYOR, MEMBER OF HOUSE OF REPESENTATIVES
Alfonso Celeste
MAYOR, VICE MAYOR
Arnold “Noli” Celeste
MAYOR, MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Arth Bryan Celeste
MAYOR
Arthur Celeste Jr.
COUNCILOR, PROVINCIAL BOARD MEMBER (EX-OFFICIO)
Richard Celeste
VICE MAYOR
ESPINO FAMILY
The Espino family is concentrated in Bautista, Bugallon, and the provincial capitol itself. The clan’s vertical succession from father to son in the provincial government represents one of the clearest examples of hereditary political continuity in Pangasinan.
Amado Espino Jr.
GOVERNOR, MEMBER OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Amado “Pogi” Espino III
COUNCILOR, MAYOR, PROVINCIAL BOARD MEMBER, GOVERNOR
Priscilla “Mely” Espino
MAYOR
Jumel Anthony Espino
MAYOR, MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
GUICO FAMILY
The Guico family started its political journey in Binalonan and has since expanded its reach to provincial and congressional levels. This transition from municipal to provincial roles illustrates a dynasty that is both expanding and modernizing its political footprint.
Ramon Guico Jr.
MAYOR, MEMBER OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Ramon “Mon-Mon” Guico III
GOVERNOR, MAYOR, MEMBER OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Ramon Ronald Guico IV
MAYOR
PRIMICIAS FAMILY
The Primicias family has participated in both local and national politics since the American colonial period, particularly in the legislative branch. Although the family’s political visibility has declined in recent decades, they have played a foundational role in shaping Pangasinan’s legislative representation.
Cipriano Primicias Sr.
SENATOR, MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Cipriano “Tito” Primicias Jr.
GOVERNOR, MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Corazon Primicias
MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Marlyn “Len” Primicias-Agabas
VICE GOVERNOR, MEMBER OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tyrone Agabas
MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Alicia Primicias
MAYOR
PEREZ FAMILY
The Perez family maintained a localized political reach, sustaining influence particularly in various parts of the province, particularly in Urdaneta City. Their political clout continues to endure from the American period to the modern times.
Eugenio Perez
COUNCILOR, MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Primitivo Perez
MAYOR
Laureano Perez
MAYOR
Salvador Perez Sr.
VICE MAYOR, MAYOR
Salvador Perez Jr.
VICE MAYOR, MAYOR
Alain Jerico Perez
VICE MAYOR, MAYOR
Kenneth Marco Perez
MAYOR
Amadeo Perez Sr.
MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Amadeo “Amadito” Perez Jr.
MAYOR, MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Amadeo Gregorio “Bobom” Perez IV
MAYOR
Rosary Gracia “Chinky” Perez
PROVINCIAL BOARD MEMBER, COUNCILOR
Eduardo “Eddie” Perez
COUNCILOR
Jesus Perez
VICE MAYOR, MAYOR
ESTRELLA FAMILY
Members of the Estrella family have been fixtures in various iterations of Congress since the 1950s. Two of them were even appointed to important cabinet posts, extending the family’s influence beyond Pangasinan.
Conrado Estrella Sr.
MAYOR, GOVERNOR, MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, AGRICULTURE MINISTER
Robert B. Estrella
MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Conrado Estrella Jr.
MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Conrado Estrella III
MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, AGRARIAN REFORM SECRETARY
Robert Raymund “Eskimo” Estrella
PROVINCIAL BOARD MEMBER, MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Pangasinan’s other families
As one of the largest provinces in the Philippines, Pangasinan’s 44 towns and four cities bore witness to the ascension of political families like the Agbayanis, Resuellos, and Castañedas from different decades. Some of them continue to actively participate in the political arena, serving various capacities in the executive and legislative branches. Other members have since retired from public office.
Why Pangasinan Matters in 2025
In the 2025 midterm elections, Pangasinan’s congressional districts will be closely observed not only for local contests but also for their impact on national party coalitions. Control of Pangasinan’s governorship, key mayoralties, and congressional seats could tip the balance for opposition groups or cement administration allies’ hold on power. Its ethnically diversified population, which includes Sambal, Ilocano, and Pangasinense communities makes the province a microcosm of the political dynamics of the larger region. The province is also a crucial testing ground for campaign tactics because of its geographic and demographic variety, which compels politicians to appeal to a range of constituents.
The province’s political dynasties are likewise expected to play crucial roles in mobilizing resources and fueling Senate and House contests shaping the legislative landscape heading into the 2028 presidential elections, the outcome in Pangasinan will help forecast the direction of Philippine politics.
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